The Garland Test from Ex Machina—asking whether we think an entity is conscious even when we know it's a robot—differs from the Turing Test in that it tests for consciousness despite knowledge of non-biological substrate rather than testing for intelligence through deception, and it is Wittgensteinian because it anchors consciousness in communal conventional judgment rather than hidden internal facts.

definitionpending

Speaker

Murray Shanahan

Evidence Quote

Alex Garland explicitly uh distinguishes his test from Cheurings by saying the point is to show you she's a robot, right?

Source

Human vs. Machine Consciousness | Imperial’s Murray ShanahanJohnathan Bi
Created: 8/11/2026, 6:51:36 AM

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