A unified European army is unrealistic and low-value

A single integrated European army is unrealistic within the next five years and of questionable value because interoperability between certain nations is already very high while basic technical barriers persist—militaries use their own incompatible radios rather than NATO radios, so a UK soldier can only talk to an Estonian by physically sharing a vehicle—and NATO will actually fight as nine separate forward battlegroups; the better approach is deeper integration at the sub-regional level through existing bilateral and multilateral frameworks like UK-Estonia or Dutch-German army integration.