The difference between observing an NPC (non-player character) in a video game and observing a human player behind the character is that with NPCs, you can be confident that hurting them is harmless, whereas with humans there is genuine suffering, so the moral question isn't whether you should treat them as conscious but whether they actually are conscious.

normativepending

Speaker

Jonathan B.

Evidence Quote

The question is the normative one like like ought they be normative agents

Source

Human vs. Machine Consciousness | Imperial’s Murray ShanahanJohnathan Bi
Created: 8/11/2026, 5:29:41 AM

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