If you have a Markov chain (probabilistic dynamical system) where entropy is constant (stationary distribution), any projection of that chain via conditional probability will induce increasing entropy; therefore, a timeless dynamics can give rise to the appearance of time (entropic time) simply through projection into spacetime
factualpending
Speaker
Donald HoffmanEvidence Quote
“it's a trivial theorem three line proof that if you have a stationary Marian Dynamics any projection that you make of that Dynamics by conditional probability the induced image of that Markov chain will have increasing entropy you will have entropic time”
Source
Donald Hoffman: Reality is an Illusion - How Evolution Hid the Truth | Lex Fridman Podcast #293— Lex FridmanCreated: 8/10/2026, 11:10:10 PM
My Notes
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