Blinded V1 neurons fire from motor predictions

When rats' retinas are destroyed, primary visual cortex neurons quiet down but ramp back to near-normal firing within 24 hours, with patterns resembling sighted activity; this is likely driven by the anterior cingulate cortex—a primary regulator of the body's internal systems—reinstating visual predictions from past experience, illustrating that perception is generated by motor/regulatory predictions rather than incoming light alone.