The Leviathan's costs include mass incarceration

Leviathans have serious, often invisible costs: America's strong aversion to violence drove a response to the 1970s-80s crime uptick that produced a prison population of 2.3 million, fed a school-to-prison pipeline via zero-tolerance discipline policies, and inflicted enormous hidden suffering and racial injustice—costs of outsourcing every conflict to specialists rather than tolerating any risk of being a victim.