Black swans defined as unpredictable tail events cannot be predicted, but the question is whether a black swan can be *confirmed* or detected in real time; using oil's crash to negative prices as an example, could ML have detected the black swan approaching before it fully occurred.

normativepending

Speaker

Jim O'Shaughnessy

Evidence Quote

But can a black swan be confirmed?... was there a point in that series of oil on its way to going negative where there could be some machine learning algorithm

Source

Surviving the Meme Stock Bubble | Cliff AsnessInfinite Loops
Created: 8/12/2026, 5:59:18 PM

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