Claims

Multiway computation is a new computational paradigm where instead of a single deterministic sequence of states (as in classical computation) or a single probabilistic thread (as in traditional quantum mechanics), there are multiple asynchronous, parallel threads of execution happening simultaneously with no inherent ordering—and observers embedded in such a system can only detect causal relationships between events, not a global ordering.

The 'rule yard' is the ultimate limit of all possible computational processes in an entangled state, an object that appears obvious to study but, to Wolfram's knowledge, has never been studied before his work beginning approximately 18 months prior to the interview.