Three Stoic disciplines determine presidential effectiveness: (1) 'discipline of perception'—ability to 'understand the complex challenges we're facing take in a broad range of views and multiple options and make effective decisions'; (2) 'discipline of action'—'organizational leadership capabilities' to 'drive the effect of change' and ensure people understand their roles; (3) 'discipline of will'—ability to 'ignore the noise' and 'focus on what he can control' to avoid becoming 'the antagonist in his own story.'