Medical-match-style admissions force costly guessing

The Gale-Shapley medical match, where applicants rank all institutions before knowing which will admit them, forces either huge due diligence across institutions or guessing about admission chances—an ineffective process—whereas the US undergraduate model, in which applicants learn who might admit them before committing, is more sensible and could be improved with finely-graded staged matching that clears top mutual matches first.